Category: Business Communication

  • What is Development Support Communication?

    What is Development Support Communication?

    Explore the significance of Development Support Communication (DSC) in empowering communities through effective communication strategies. Learn about its methodologies, best practices, and practical applications that foster sustainable development and collaborative partnerships.

    Explain the Development Support Communication.

    In today’s interconnected world, the importance of communication in development initiatives cannot be overstated. Development Support Communication (DSC) is a field that aims to empower communities through effective communication strategies and practices. This article delves into development support communication, its significance, methodologies, and practical applications, highlighting how it fosters sustainable development.

    Understanding Development Support Communication

    Development Support Communication can defined as the systematic use of communication processes and tools to facilitate development initiatives. The primary objective of DSC is to ensure that communication supports the goals of social and economic development, particularly in underserved communities.

    Key Objectives of Development Support Communication:

    1. Empowerment: DSC empowers communities by giving them a voice and involving them in decision-making processes.
    2. Education: It provides necessary information to help communities understand and engage with development programs effectively.
    3. Behavior Change: DSC promotes positive behavior change by disseminating information about health, education, and social issues.
    4. Sustainability: By fostering participation and ownership, DSC helps create sustainable development solutions.

    Importance of Development Support Communication

    The role of DSC in development cannot be overstated. Here are some reasons why it is crucial:

    • Facilitates Inclusivity: DSC encourages participation from all community members, ensuring that marginalized voices are heard.
    • Enhances Understanding: Effective communication helps bridge the gap between stakeholders, ensuring everyone understands the objectives and methods of development initiatives.
    • Increases Effectiveness: Programs with a strong communication strategy are more likely to succeed, as they adapt to the community’s needs and feedback.
    • Promotes Collaboration: DSC fosters partnerships among various stakeholders, including government agencies, NGOs, and local communities.

    The Communication Process in DSC

    The communication process in development support communication can be visualized in a simple table:

    StepDescription
    AssessmentIdentify the needs and communication gaps in the community.
    PlanningDevelop a communication strategy tailored to the community’s needs.
    ImplementationExecute the communication strategy through various channels (media, workshops, etc.).
    EvaluationAssess the impact of the communication strategy and make necessary adjustments.

    Methods and Tools in Development Support Communication

    DSC employs a variety of methods and tools to convey messages and engage communities. Here are some common techniques:

    1. Participatory Approaches: Engaging the community in the planning and execution of development initiatives ensures that their perspectives are integrated into the process.
      • Focus Groups: Conducting focus groups to gather community input.
      • Workshops: Organizing workshops for skill development and knowledge sharing.
    2. Mass Media: Utilizing radio, television, and print media to reach larger audiences.
      • Public Service Announcements: Creating awareness about health and education programs.
      • Community Radio: Broadcasting local content that reflects community interests and issues.
    3. Digital Communication: Leveraging social media and mobile technology to connect with the community.
      • Social Media Campaigns: Engaging youth through platforms like Facebook and Twitter.
      • Mobile Applications: Providing information and resources directly to users’ phones.
    4. Visual Communication: Using images, videos, and infographics to convey messages effectively.

    Best Practices for Effective DSC

    To maximize the impact of development support communication, practitioners should consider the following best practices:

    • Understand the Audience: Tailor messages to the specific needs, cultural contexts, and preferences of the community.
    • Promote Dialogue: Encourage two-way communication where feedback is actively sought and incorporated.
    • Be Culturally Sensitive: Respect local customs, languages, and traditions to build trust and credibility.
    • Monitor and Adapt: Continuously evaluate the effectiveness of communication strategies and adapt them based on community feedback.

    Challenges in Development Support Communication

    Despite its importance, DSC faces several challenges that can hinder its effectiveness:

    1. Lack of Resources: Limited funding and resources can restrict the reach and quality of communication efforts.
    2. Cultural Barriers: Misunderstandings can arise due to cultural differences, impacting the effectiveness of messages.
    3. Technological Limitations: In some regions, access to technology and the internet can be a barrier to effective communication.
    4. Stakeholder Coordination: Aligning various stakeholders with different objectives can be challenging, often leading to conflicts or miscommunication.

    Strategies to Overcome Challenges

    To address these challenges, practitioners can implement the following strategies:

    • Capacity Building: Invest in training local community members in communication skills to enhance local capacity.
    • Collaborative Networks: Foster collaboration between local organizations to share resources and expertise.
    • Use of Local Media: Partner with local media outlets to disseminate information effectively.

    Conclusion

    Development Support Communication is a vital component of any development initiative. It not only enhances the effectiveness of programs but also empowers communities by ensuring their voices are heard. By embracing a variety of methods and best practices, DSC can contribute to achieving sustainable development goals and creating a more inclusive society.

    In a world that thrives on communication, understanding the principles of development support communication is essential for driving impactful change. By leveraging the power of communication, we can work towards building resilient communities that actively participate in their development journey.

    Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

    What is Development Support Communication?

    Development Support Communication (DSC) is the systematic use of communication processes and tools aimed at facilitating development initiatives. Its primary goal is to empower communities and support social and economic development, especially in underserved areas.

    Why is Development Support Communication important?

    DSC is crucial because it facilitates inclusivity, enhances understanding among stakeholders, increases the effectiveness of development programs, and promotes collaboration between various parties, including government agencies and local communities.

    What are the key objectives of Development Support Communication?

    1. Empowerment: Giving communities a voice in decision-making processes.
    2. Education: Providing information that helps communities engage with development programs.
    3. Behavior Change: Promoting positive changes in behavior through targeted information.
    4. Sustainability: Ensuring community participation to create lasting development solutions.

    What methods and tools are commonly used in DSC?

    Common techniques include:

    • Participatory Approaches: Focus groups and workshops.
    • Mass Media: Radio, television, print media, and public service announcements.
    • Digital Communication: Social media campaigns and mobile applications.
    • Visual Communication: Storytelling and infographics to convey messages effectively.

    What are some best practices for effective Development Support Communication?

    Best practices include:

    • Understanding the audience and tailoring messages accordingly.
    • Promoting dialogue and two-way communication.
    • Being culturally sensitive to local customs and traditions.
    • Monitoring and adapting based on community feedback.

    What challenges does Development Support Communication face?

    Challenges include:

    1. Lack of resources.
    2. Cultural barriers impacting message effectiveness.
    3. Technological limitations in accessing communication tools.
    4. Coordination issues between various stakeholders.

    How can challenges in DSC be overcome?

    Strategies to overcome challenges involve:

    • Capacity building through training local community members.
    • Establishing collaborative networks among local organizations.
    • Utilizing local media for effective information dissemination.

    How does DSC contribute to sustainable development?

    DSC fosters inclusive participation, ensures that community voices are heard, and enhances the effectiveness of development programs. By employing effective communication strategies, DSC plays a crucial role in achieving sustainable development goals.

  • Business Letters in Business Communication Meaning Definition

    Business Letters in Business Communication Meaning Definition

    Business Letters in Business Communication Essay with their Meaning and Definition; A letter written for enterprise purposes is a commercial enterprise letter. Inquiry letter, provide the letter, order letter, cover letter, notices, termination of employment are a number of the commercial enterprise letters. Suppose someone desires to write any of these commercial enterprise letters. Also, The essential question is how to write a business letter?

    Here is the article to explain, What is the Meaning and Definition of Business Letters in Business Communication?

    Besides, There is a pre-detailed format for writing a commercial enterprise letter. There are a few components of a business letter and also regulations associated with them. Let us start to know a way to write an enterprise letter by way of knowing the components of a business letter.

    Business Letters are an essential requirement in today’s enterprise global. Business letters are a kind of formal letter sent from one company to every other, or between such corporations and their clients, clients, or other external events. A commercial enterprise letter is an everlasting written report and may take greater critically with the aid of the recipient than other styles of communique. Business letters are a kind of formal letter. Additionally, a formal letter is a letter that writes for a legitimate cause using a designated format and language.

    Meaning and Definition of Business Letters in Business Communication;

    An enterprise letter is a formal record regularly sent from one business enterprise to any other or from an employer to its customers, personnel, and stakeholders, for example. Additionally, Business letters use for professional correspondence among individuals, as nicely.

    Although electronic mail has taken over as the maximum not unusual form of correspondence, revealed-out commercial enterprise letters are nonetheless used for many important, severe kinds of correspondence, such as reference letters, employment verification, job offers, and more.

    A Business Letter is the type of letter which serves as a means of verbal exchange written for diverse industrial purposes. Additionally, These functions can be an enterprise deal, grievance, warning, observe, invitation, announcement, information, apology, and diverse other company matters. Letters of the commercial enterprise are the most famous and the most extensively written type of letter. Business letters are also the oldest form of legitimate correspondence and possibly the propagators of the mailing gadget.

    Types of Business Letters;

    Business Letters are basically of Two Types below are:

    1. Formal Business Letter; Formal commercial also enterprise letters are the typical or fashionable commercial enterprise letters meant for legal or reputable correspondence. Also, These consist of letters concerning commercial enterprise deals, orders, declarations, dispute settlements, agreements, data requests, income reports, and other authentic subjects.
    2. Informal Business Letter; Informal Business Letter has a laid-back approach. It use for informal correspondence but doesn’t necessarily must have a casual tone of language. These letters include memorandums, appraisals, interview thanks, reference letters, cowl letters, customer criticism letters, e-mails, and also others that might be much less essential or every day.

    Depending upon the consumer, content, cause, and different elements, 17 Letters of Business can be in addition subdivided into:

    1. Application Letter
    2. Acceptance Letter
    3. Customer Claim Response Letter
    4. Demand Letter
    5. Information Request Letter
    6. Information Response Letter
    7. Job Applicant Not Hired
    8. Letter of Complaint
    9. Letter of Intent
    10. Notification of Error Letter
    11. Also, Order Request Letter
    12. Resignation Letter
    13. Resume Cover Letter
    14. Reception of Gift Letter
    15. Recommendation Letter
    16. Also, Sales Letter
    17. Thanks for Job Recommendation Letter

    Business Letter Writing;

    Like maximum letters, a commercial enterprise letter also has a layout that consists of various divided elements. These parts are:

    Business Letters are written to express the right news, bad information, thank you, acknowledgment, invitation, request, Problem, denial, or court cases. It normally despatches thru email and bears the business enterprise letterhead. Besides, the commercial enterprise letter divide into three parts;

    1. Introduction − Opens with greetings and/or references to previous mails.
    2. Middle − Contains details and added information.
    3. Conclusion − Suggests or mentions movement to take and also the finishing.

    Business Letter Writing – Format of a Business Letter;

    A commercial enterprise letter normally carries the following factors;

    • Letterhead
    • Organization call
    • Address
    • Telephone wide variety
    • Date
    • Reader’s call (Position desired)
    • Address
    • Dear Mr. /Ms. [reader’s name]
    • Your ref. Identity (if in use) and Subject
    • Introduction
    • Body
    • Conclusion
    • With Regards
    • Writer’s signature
    • Also, Name
    • Position
    Business Letters in Business Communication Meaning Definition Image
    Business Letters in Business Communication Meaning Definition; Image by Andrew Lloyd Gordon from Pixabay.
  • Writing a Website and Blog for Business Communication

    Writing a Website and Blog for Business Communication

    Writing a Website and Blog for Business Communication: What is Business Communication? Communication Essay – it is neither the transmission of a message nor the actual message. It is the mutual exchange of understanding, originating with the collector. Communication should be viable in business. Communication is the pith of management. The basic elements of management as; Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Directing, and Controlling; cannot perform well without viable communication. Business communication includes a constant progression of information. Feedback is an integral part of business communication.

    Here is the article explain, How to the Writing a Website and Blog for Business Communication? and also know Successful Writing for great Results.

    Organizations these days are large and include countless individuals. There are various degrees of hierarchy in an organization. The greater the quantity of levels, the more troublesome is the work of managing the organization. Communication here plays a vital job during the time spent coordinating and controlling individuals in the organization. Immediate feedback can obtain and misunderstandings if any can avoid. There ought to be viable communication among bosses and subordinated in an organization, between the organization and society at large; for example among project management and trade associations.

    It is essential for the achievement and development of an organization. Communication gaps ought not to happen in any organization. Business Communication goal-situations. The principles, regulations, and strategies of a company have to communicate to individuals inside and outside the organization. Business Communication regulates by certain guidelines and standards. In early occasions, business communication was restricted to paperwork, calls, and so on In any case, presently with the advent of innovation, we have PDAs, video conferencing, emails, satellite communication to help business communication. Successful business communication helps in building the altruism of an organization.

    How to the Writing a Website and Blog for Business Communication Content? Explain.

    If your origination of blogging is an assortment of self-fixated individuals who depict the exhausting details of their lives, for example, what they have for breakfast each day, you may puzzle over whether a blog can improve communication in business. Companies that put in the effort to regularly give new information about their business in a blog can gain a serious edge over companies that remain quiet, as they will get more openness to current and potential customers. The following few things of the Writing a Website and Blog for Business Communication below are;

    Article or Post Updates:

    As your company builds up another item or see to offers another help, you can prepare customers by posting the details on your blog. For example, on the off chance that you are chipping away at another undertaking, you can give photos and recordings of the work in advancement, and incorporate updates from the team that is manufacturing the new thing. Your customers can stay aware of improvements, and on the off chance that they are already prepared to purchase your forthcoming item, the blog will keep them intrigued until the thing is ready for sale.

    Allow Commenting for Feedback:

    Communication among companies and customers enhance when an individual reads a blog post and then has the ability to remark on it to individual readers. If your company enables remarking on your blog, you are liable to see both great and bad feedback. The fact that you will allow customers to post public remarks will show that you have great trust in your items and administrations, as well as demonstrate that you are available to hearing feedback. What’s more, you can answer praise and analysis by posting a subsequent remark or making another blog post to address issues as they arise.

    Harnessing Social Media to Promote Your Business Blog:

    Blogs intend to interface with the remainder of the Internet, with readers sharing connections to their favorite blog posts on their own blogs and websites, as well as through social media, for example, Twitter and Facebook. You can also increase the viability and reach of your messages by utilizing social media yourself to tell fans at whatever point you post another thing on your blog. Your company’s Twitter adherents may read an intriguing tweet that guides them toward your latest post, which will provoke them to proceed to read the blog, for example.

    Attract Customers and Media:

    At the point when you post another thing on your company’s blog, journalists who are searching for information about the products or administrations you give may discover what you composed because the catchphrases you utilized caused search motors to display it in the top outcomes. Customers who are searching for what you have to offer may also attract to your website because of what you wrote in your blog.

    Successful or Effective Writing for great Results:

    While writing to a companion, colleague, customer, or business partner, the substance should be clear, brief, persuasive, accurate, and sure. Read on to know a few hints for making the letter/reminder/presentation beneficial.

    • Avoid being verbose; Choose more limited words and sentences. E.g., “I wanted to bring to your notification that the gathering has been canceled”. This sentence could rephrase as “Please note the gathering has been canceled”.
    • Utilize target titles; The subject of the notice/letter/email ought to even hand and ought to mirror the substance of the message. For example “Tips on Effective Writing for Business” passes on to the reader that the message substance will be related to information on powerful writing.
    • Choose your audience; It is advisable to keep in touch with one bunch of audiences as writing to various professionals would require picking the right verbiage which understands by various professionals similarly. Also, don’t utilize words that are exceptionally technical and can be understood simply by a particular audience.
    • Request or Solicitation for action; Never leave the reader speculating “what next ?” He or she should realize what is normal out of him/her. Close your mail/letter with the action you are anticipating that the reader should take.
    • Exchange or Share companywide messages with a strategy; Do not overload workers with a great deal of text-heavy emails. Separation the message. For example, If a company has set up a videoconference room; the Corporate communication Team ought to convey the primary message announcing the launch; the second message on how to utilize the gear; and, the third message on how to obstruct the gathering space for customer gatherings and calls.
    Other things:
    • Logically format an archive; Ensure that the substance in the message connects to the subject and the substance underneath and above it. There ought to be a logical association in various paragraphs remember for the archive.
    • Be Persuasive; Address one reader rather than many as it increases the concentration and also creates accountability for the reader.
    • Engage the audience; Talk to the audience. For example Rather than saying, “There will be two ways for calculating the expense”. The sender of the message could say, “Financial Analysts can pick one of two systems to calculate the expense.”
    • Check before you send; Always proofread the mail/reminder/record that is to be sent. Recall the principal draft isn’t always the final draft. Don’t just check for content, yet also, check for formatting, titles, audience, and attachments.
    • Execute with certainty; Do not be fearful while sending the communication. On the off chance that an update should be sent, it ought to be sent. Try not to attempt to send it to a gathering, rather send it to the individuals who haven’t sent the reports up until this point. For example, In case, you are circling back to a report you asked for, address the audience as “Thank You, X, Y, Z for sending the reports. We are as yet awaiting reports from A, B, and C. Solicitation you to send them the latest by 5:00 PM today”.
    Writing a Website and Blog for Business Communication Image
    Writing a Website and Blog for Business Communication; Image from Pixabay.
  • Supportive Communication: Meaning, Importance, and Attributes

    Supportive Communication: Meaning, Importance, and Attributes

    Supportive communication looks to save or improve a positive connection between you and someone else while as yet tending to an issue, giving contrary input, or handling a troublesome issue with such an individual. There are various advantages related to organizations that philosophies the idea of supporting communication that organizations who don’t as conveyed by different reviews. In such a setting, one can be a resource for a gathering, workplace, family when they can convey supportively to the up form of the gathering, work and family and toward this path, I decided to chip away at my supporting communication aptitudes.

    Here is the article for Supportive Communication: Presentation or Introduction, Meaning and Definition, Techniques or Strategies or Importance, and Advantages or Preferences or Attributes.

    Before I read and partook in the homeroom on this expertise; our ability appraisal score was beneath the mean quartile in examination with around 6000 understudies who attempted a similar evaluation. My score in the wake of perusing and class taking an interest right around three pulled above even over the most elevated quartile. This doesn’t imply that I can ably apply supportive communication. Pragmatic advances have been set up to apply this information to fully utilize. These means incorporate; by asking two same contextual investigation gathering to survey my response when giving insight on the exhibition of a gathering part; and, arranged kinship with the individuals who their mentalities and practices I camouflage so a lot lastly being requesting that my youngsters note down at whatever point I blow up during the time spent giving the input.

    Presentation or Introduction of Supportive Communication:

    Communication is an ordinary movement. Also, is the customary cooperation that happens between colleagues, companions, associates, or underwear on an everyday schedule. Communication comes in various structures. Verbal communication incorporates sounds, words, language, and talking while non-verbal communication includes actual methods of communication like the manner of speaking, contact, smell, and non-verbal communication.

    The nature of communication and how communications are developing and keep up are the premise of whether a relationship among people is steady; become more private when fitting, and if extra data divide among people reflecting trust between the two players in each aspect of human existence. Ineffectual communication may lead people to hate one another, irritate by one another, lose certainty, decline to tune in; and, can’t help contradicting each other just as causing a large group of other relational issues (Whatten and Camaron, 2011).

    Ordinarily certain relational connections result when consistently things are going on well and individuals do what they are normal and assume of them. Nonetheless, when conveying to a person who has a contrary mentality; for example, character strife with an associate or hasn’t performed up to assumption, the danger of putting the representative on edge is extremely high. People frequently respond protectively if they believe they being rebuff or compromise by conveying; and, hence they dedicate consideration regarding distinguish counterarguments as opposed to tuning in. In this way, communication is more gainful when it is done productively or done supportively.

    Meaning and Definition of Supportive Communication:

    Supportive communication is relational communication that assists people with conveying precisely, particularly in troublesome circumstances and times. Supportive communication looks to save or upgrade a positive connection between you and someone else while as yet tending to an issue, giving negative criticism, or handling a troublesome issue. It permits you to convey data to others that are not free or to determine an awkward issue with someone else, in any case, all the while, reinforce your relationship.

    Supportive communication assembles and fortified connections when conveying contrary to input or when you need to bring up a couple of deficiencies of someone else. It accordingly looks to protect or upgrade a positive connection between two individuals while as yet tending to the issue. It permits imparting data to others that aren’t reciprocal but instead that fortify the relationship.

    Organizations cultivating supportive communication appreciate higher efficiency, quicker critical thinking, better yields, and fewer clashes and rebellious exercises than gatherings or associations where connections are less (Robbins and Coulter, 2007); it proceeds to introduce a review led with the end, that organizations with the presence of good supportive communication among directors; and, subordinates were multiple times all the more remarkable in anticipating productivity in significant collaborations over a long term period than the most impressive factors – market size, firm size and saves development rate-consolidated.

    There are apparently eight ascribes of supportive communication of which any remaining examination had a similar idea to the extent of this exploration is a worry. This demonstrates that to impart supportively one should cling to these attributes when conveying.

    Supportive Communication by Managers:

    Most supervisors in the working environment find that the main factor in promotability is powerful communication. Because of this, it is weird to see that numerous supervisors and representatives inside associations need powerful communication aptitudes. Indeed, administrators actually discover powerful communication to be the most concerning issue in associations. For what reason do such countless individuals do not have these aptitudes? This is regularly because workers don’t know about the significance and their absence of this ability.

    Businesses in the associations of today are focusing on the significance of communication to an ever-increasing extent. Accentuation is set on communication being clear by being sent unequivocally with exact pictures. The establishment of successful communication is supportive communication. This type of communication jelly connections while tending to the issue in the best way.

    Techniques or Strategies or Importance of Supportive Communication:

    Supportive communication is a way of imparting that has a particular arrangement of objectives and methods. The essential objective of supportive communication is to determine struggle or accomplish change in a circumstance while safeguarding, in any event, reinforcing, the connection between the imparting people. This style of communication utilizes in numerous sorts of relational associations; for example, those including a force differential, as find among supervisor and representative, educator and understudy, or parent and youngster. It is likewise compelling when utilized between those with more equivalent force, for example, mates, colleagues, and companions. Learning these procedures or significance can bring about more powerful or supportive communication.

    Zero in on Problem and Solutions:

    Supportive communication underscores an issue or a circumstance and its expected arrangements or potential changes; rather than zeroing in on the other individual included and their own qualities or attributes. By adopting that strategy, the communication can more compelling because the other individual doesn’t feel as guarded. On the off chance that the other individual doesn’t want to protect himself by and by, he might be all the more ready to partake in the proposed arrangement or change; and, may even play a functioning job in concocting proposals on how best to determine the issue.

    Utilize Descriptive Language:

    Rather than utilizing evaluative language, which can sound critical or feel like an assertion on an individual’s general skill or worth; and, in this way summon ineffective protectiveness, have a go at utilizing elucidating language. Clear language portrays the circumstance or issue in explicit terms. For instance, rather than saying something was fouled up, portray what was done, the aftereffects of what was done; and, what should be possible rather to all the more likely meet the first objectives.

    Adopt an Inclusive Strategy:

    Abstain from seeming like a prevalent individual conveying messages from a high platform. This sort of communication can cause the audience to feel like they view as less – less canny, less skilled, and less important personally or as part of the gathering. Supportive communication tries to determine issues while guaranteeing that others feel esteemed and regarded. It expects to have individuals distinguish themselves as a feature of the arrangement, not the wellspring of the issue.

    Energize Productive Dialog:

    Communication is a two-way road, and that idea is a significant piece of supportive communication. It is basic to tune in to the next individual and energize beneficial to and forth communication. Basically giving guidelines or advancing requests without tolerating or leaving space for any contribution from the other individual can cause that individual to feel like she isn’t esteemed or viewed as worth tuning in to. Causing an individual to feel like she is an important piece of the group or the arrangement fortifies the relationship while tending to the issue.

    Advantages or Preferences or Attributes of Supportive Communication:

    There are arguably eight attributes or advantages or ascribes or focal points of supportive communication. This demonstrates that to convey supportively one should cling to these qualities when imparting.

    • Issue arranged, not individual situated. Issue arranged communication centers around a difficulty that can be tackled as opposed to the individual who is answerable for the issue. Individual arranged communication puts the audience on edge and concentrates on fault as opposed to on maintaining a strategic distance from or tackling future issues
    • Consistent, not incongruent. Harmonious communication passes on the thing the speaker is thinking and feeling. There are unquestionably circumstances where prudence is a more fitting decision than complete honesty of our opinion and feel. In any case, in most communication circumstances, we convey all the more successfully when we’re sincere. If we aren’t straightforward, audience members won’t believe what we say.
    • Clear, not evaluative. Evaluative communication communicates the judgment of the audience or their activities. To be a compelling helpful communicator, we ought to dispassionately portray issues instead of talk in an evaluative way. Evaluative communication puts the audience on edge.
    • Approving, not discrediting. Approving communication assists individuals with feeling comprehended, esteemed, and acknowledged. Interestingly, discrediting communication regards individuals as though they disregard, useless, or distanced. Negating communication predominance arrange, inflexible, impenetrable, and additionally aloof and it tries not to deal with the audience like a lesser individual.
    Next forth advantages:
    • Explicit, not worldwide. There are two key disadvantages to worldwide proclamations of issues; they’re frequently too enormous to be in any way settled and they will in general distort and distort issues.
    • Conjunctive, not disjunctive. Disjunctive communication takes in any event three structures; not letting the other party talk, long stops, and exchanging points. Disjunctive communication can bring about the other party imagining that their information isn’t being thought of.
    • Possessed, not abandoned. At the point when we “own” our communication, we assume liability for our assertions; and, recognize that we are the wellspring of the thoughts passed on and not another person. We “repudiate” communication when we look for outsiders to ascribe our remarks as well.
    • Tuning in, not single direction message conveyance. Clarifies, successful listening is effectively engrossing the data given to you by a speaker, indicating that you are tuning in and intrigued; and, giving input to the speaker so the individual in question realizes the message was gotten. Compelling listening is frequently underestimated, however, it’s an important administrative apparatus.
    Supportive Communication Presentation Introduction Meaning Definition Techniques Strategies Importance Advantages Preferences Attributes Image
    Supportive Communication: Meaning, Importance, and Attributes; Image from Pixabay.

    Practical Application of supporting communication:

    The above after reading and acquiring the knowledge does not make me a much better person to work in supporting communication, is just an acknowledgment of how critical supporting communication is in every facet of one’s life. It takes several practices and on the field application of the knowledge that one becomes effective in communicating supportively. However, since practice makes a man perfect; the following plan practical steps activities to help me to communicate supportively.

    First Steps:

    First in the MBA program, utilized in gatherings are a vital piece of the program; consequently supporting communication is significant at all levels of gathering exercises. That is from bunch arrangement, sharing of obligations, getting into appointed gathering tasks, and holding practice introductions inside the gathering. To try strong communication, I have requested that two gathering individuals inspect me at whatever point is my choice to convey criticism to an association part that has introduced during bunch practices on his/her shortcoming just as at whatever point is mine consider advice after my introduction. Two diverse will I need to think dispassionately about the appraisal. I will likewise purchase a voice recorder so I can focus on it after gathering conversation.

    Second Steps:

    Secondary I’ve planned to befriend those who generally I don’t associate with better because of the character traits, race, culture, and religion. Trying to create friendships with such people will usually help me to boost my supporting communication skills. This is because since I have a perceived mind already regarding them, accepting them as friends is a real challenge; however, that will also help me improve on not always dominating; but also welcoming other’s viewpoints in discussions which is one of the eight attributes of good supporting communication.

    Final Steps:

    Finally in the house, since children are active whenever decisions go their way; I am going to ask all of them to count the number of times I get angry; and, why when am having discussions with them or in dealing with each individual in the house. This will help me to focus on my anger level since it will be difficult for someone with a high level of anger to be supportive in communication particularly when communicating negative feedback.

  • Written Communication: Features, Advantages, and Disadvantages

    Written Communication: Features, Advantages, and Disadvantages

    Introduction to Written Communication; While speech comes to us very naturally and spontaneously, writing comes after serious practice and careful organization of thought. This article explains about Written Communication – with their important topic – Introduction, Meaning, Definition, Features, Advantages, and Disadvantages. The word “write” has been derived from the old English word “written” that meant to scratch, draw, or inscribe. It shows that man learned writing through a long process of drawing, scoring, or incising symbols on rock faces, dried skins, tree barks, and clay tablets. The alphabet of any language is, therefore, a result of evolution.

    Written Communication Essay: Introduction, Meaning, Definition, Features, Advantages, and Disadvantages.

    In the same way, the combination of the characters or letters of the alphabet into words, words into sentences, and sentences into paragraphs have gone through a long history of man’s attempt to communicate, and give some kind of permanence or preservation to his communication. For this purpose, every language has evolved its own rules of grammar, though many languages grouped have more or less similar rules. But, in writing these rules have to rather strictly follow.

    Speech, on the other hand, is more flexible. It also does not have the permanence of writing. Unless there is a typescript or tape or simultaneously taken down notes, the speech is heard and sooner or later forgotten. Just as it is impossible to think of a social life without oral communication, it is equally impossible to think of a business or an organization without written communication. There are various reasons for it. In the first place, in an organization, people are too many to have face-to-face communication.

    They are generally spread over wide geographical distances and are sometimes not even connected by telephone. The situation is changing fast. But, even then, the exchange of letters remains as important as ever. Moreover, people have to function within defined limits of authority and responsibility. In the absence of written communication, it till not be easy to determine responsibility. It is an essential part of any manager’s responsibility to communicate on paper.

    Written communication is, in this way, an essential part of organizational life. Telephone, telex, fax machines have not in any way affected the importance of letters. They have only changed the mode of transmission and made the exchange of letters or memos much faster. That is why written communication including letters, memoranda, agenda, manuals, handbooks, reports, etc., continues to flourish.

    Meaning and Definition of Written Communication:

    A “Written Communication” means the sending of messages, orders, or instructions in writing through letters, circulars, manuals, reports, telegrams, office memos, bulletins, etc. It is a formal method of communication and is less flexible. Written communication has great significance in today’s business world.

    Written Communication definition [Hindi] is; A written document preserved properly becomes a permanent record for future reference. It can also use as legal evidence. It’s time-consuming, costly, and unsuitable for confidential and emergent communication. It is an innovative activity of the mind. Effective written communication is essential for preparing worthy promotional materials for business development.

    The speech came before writing. But writing is more unique and formal than speech. Effective writing involves the careful choice of words, their organization in the correct order in sentences formation as well as the cohesive composition of sentences. Also, writing is more valid and reliable than speech. But while speech is spontaneous, writing causes delay and takes time as feedback is not immediate. Written communication, to be effective, should be clear, complete, concise, correct, and courteous.

    Features of Written Communication:

    The following Salient features of written communication below are;

    1. Written communication is essentially a creative activity. It is an activity that requires conscious and creative effort. The creativity of this effort comes from the stimuli produced by the mind.
    2. The stimuli of oral communication are picked up from outside by the sensory receptors. In other words; written communication is more specifically, more carefully thought out than oral communication that base on a spontaneous reaction to signs picked up from outside.
    3. As an example, let us take up the writing out of a report that we want to present or that we have been asked to write. For this purpose, we gather all the necessary information or data. We, then, process it through our logical thought processes and encode our communication.
    4. This is not a face-to-face communication situation. There is no interchange of messages or external stimuli. This is almost entirely a creative activity of the mind.
    Extra features;
    1. The salient feature of written communication is that it has fewer cycles than face-to-face oral communication. In oral communication there are multiple exchanges of symbols, leading to multiple cycles. Most written communication is a one-cycle event.
    2. Usually, a message sent and receive, and that is the end of the event. Of course, letters do lead to repeated cycles of communication exchanges. But they cannot compare with the quick succession of cycles involved in a dialogue or informal meeting.
    3. It is a creative activity that requires a lot of imagination and effort to arrive at the finished product. While oral communication is spontaneous, written communication base on conscious effort.
    4. Oral communication is a multiple cycle event. Oral messages get an immediate response that leads very often to further exchange of words. This is not possible in written communication. Mostly it is a one-cycle event. Written communication is the most powerful and valid communication. Why? Beaucage this communication totally can provable when need with a valid document.

    Written Communication Introduction Meaning Features Advantages and Disadvantages
    Written Communication: Introduction, Meaning, Definition, Features, Advantages, and Disadvantages #Pixabay.

    Advantages of written communication:

    After meaning and features, Written communication has the following advantages;

    1. It has the advantage of providing records, references, etc. In the absence of ready reference, great confusion may create and the working of the organization will virtually come to a halt.
    2. It promotes uniformity in policy and procedure. It is the only means of laying down clear guidelines for the working of the organization.
    3. They give access to a large audience through mass mailings. It is a common practice on the part of well-known organizations to reach out to people at large and win customers through wisely drafted “mailshots” or unsolicited circulars. For example, whenever a new brand of two-wheeler introduces in the market, or a bank comes forward with some attractive deposit/investment scheme it manages to get names and addresses of all the members of an institution/organization offering them their services on easy terms.
    4. Maintenance of proper records, letters, reports, and memos builds up legal defenses of the organization. Organizations usually have their legal advisors who cannot be of any help unless proper record makes available to them.
    More advantages:
    1. Good written communication builds up the organization’s image. It is not at all surprising, therefore, that the outgoing letters/messages of certain well-known companies are cited as examples to emulate.
    2. Written communication has the advantage of being accurate and unambiguous. Great care has to take in drafting any letter, memo, or report so that the message effectively conveys. Oral communication may often give rise to confusion because every speaker has his way of putting himself across.
    3. The growth of an organization promotes, to a large extent, by reference to its old, well-maintained records and minutes of the meetings.
    4. Written communication facilitates proper assignation of responsibilities. One may sometimes go back on words spoken, but not on his words put on paper. Moreover, the lower staff behaves more responsibly, and also feels secure, when communication is sent in writing.

    Disadvantages of Written Communication:

    Written communication also suffers from the following disadvantages or limitations:

    1. They run the risk of becoming ineffective in the hands of people otherwise good in their job, but poor in expression. That is why it is a serious concern of a modem organization to recruit people who are very good at expression, especially in letter and report writing ability.
    2. It is also a costly process. It costs a lot in terms of stationery and the number of people involved in typing and sending out letters.
    3. They are mostly handicapped by their inability to get immediate feedback. Both encoding and transmission of the message take time, resulting in immediate delays. It is, therefore, a time-consuming process.
    More disadvantages:
    1. They have another disadvantage. Immediate clarification is not possible in exchange for written communication. If the receiver of a written message at a distance seeks some clarification, he cannot have it as quickly as he would like to. He will have to write a pack and wait for the reply to his query.
    2. It creates mountains of paper cluttered around the premises of the organization. It is a common sight in offices, and the staff has a tough time trying to handle it. Very often valuable papers get lost. The managers, therefore, have to be extra careful to keep sensitive material in his custody.
    3. It is time-consuming. Composing a message in writing takes much time. Writing letters, typing orders, notices, etc. and sending it to an appropriate destination requires time. The feedback process also is not instant.
    4. Absence of immediate clarification. In conclusion, we can say that written communication remains the backbone of an organization; whatever be its disadvantages or limitations. Almost all formal communication is in writing.
  • What is Persuasion? Introduction, Meaning, and Steps

    What is Persuasion? Introduction, Meaning, and Steps

    Introduction to Persuasion is an important objective of communication. This article about Persuasion explains with their topics – Introduction, Meaning, Definition, and Steps. It may define as an effort “to influence the attitudes, feelings, or beliefs of others, or to influence actions based on those attitudes, feelings, or beliefs”. Buyers have often to persuade to buy a particular article available with the seller in place of the one they wanted to buy.

    Persuasion: Introduction, Meaning, Definition, Steps, and Elements.

    In the office or the factory, the lazy, the incompetent and the disgruntled workers have to persuade to do their work. It is better to use them than compulsion. But even persuasion seeks to change beliefs and attitudes, which people do not like at all. So to be successful, they have to be indirect and suggestive.

    The buyers and the workers should so manipulate that they change their mind without getting conscious of the change, or if they are conscious, they believe that the change is to their advantage. After introduction, it conforms – Persuasion is an art, which has to learn with great care.

    Meaning of Persuasion:

    Meaning – Persuasion needs conviction on your part. You should genuinely convince that the alternative course of action suggest by you is in the interest of the organization as well as in the receiver’s interest. You must not try to persuade others from a purely selfish motive. Do not impose yourself on the receiver of your communication. Give indirect hints and subtle suggestions.

    Bring yourself to the level of the other person. Try to look at the issue from his point of view and mold your arguments accordingly. They refer to various deliberate methods that people use to change other people’s attitudes and thoughts. This is a technique that is widely used in speech-making and advertising as a means of convincing the listener of the correctness or desirability of the ideas or goods involved. In our everyday lives, we’ve all known people that are very good at convincing others to do things for them. This is persuasion in action.

    Definition of Persuasion:

    There are many definitions of persuasion. Some emphasized the internal motive of the audience more than using logic.

    Birembeck and Howell said,

    “Persuasion is the conscious attempt to modify thought and action by manipulating the motives of men towards predetermined ends.”

    Fotheringham affirmed,

    “Persuasion is that body of effects in receivers that have been caused by persuader’s message.”

    Scheidel began nearer to the type of persuasion we are familiar to, he defined as:

    “The activity in which the speaker and the listener are conjoined and in which the speaker consciously attempts to influence the behavior of the listener by transmitting audible and visible symbolic.”

    Central to this definition is the notions of conscious internet, message transmission, and behavioral change. They also include sender and receiver which make the components of definition resembling the components of communication.

    Persuasion, from this point of view, depends upon two main aspects:

    • Communication.
    • Intending planning of persuader to affect the audience.

    Depending on previous clarification, we can define as:

    “The intended use of communication to form a desired response from receivers to their social environment.”

    Steps of Persuasion:

    The art of persuasion consists of four important steps:

    Analyzing the situation:

    This is the preparatory step. The communicator analyses the situation to find out why they need for persuasion has arisen and what will be the advantages and disadvantages of the new course of action being suggested. He also studies the psychology of the man to persuade to plan a suitable strategy.

    Preparing the receiver:

    It is but natural that people resent being persuaded to change their views or behavior. The receiver has to prepare for it. This can do by putting him in a pleasant frame of mind. He may compliment on some of his outstanding qualities and achievements. An appeal may make to his adaptability and open-mindedness.

    Delivering the message:

    The third step is to deliver the message. The message should deliver stage by stage, with the help of forceful arguments, beginning with those parts of the message, which are easier to accept and delaying the unpleasant parts as much as possible.

    Prompting action:

    If the first steps have been taking carefully, the receiver of the message will easily persuade to adopt a different course of action (or hold a different view).

    What is Persuasion Introduction Meaning and Steps
    What is Persuasion? Introduction, Meaning, and Steps #Pixabay

    Elements of Persuasion:

    We can underline four elements of persuasion:

    Credibility:
    • Credibility is built on trust and expertise, and it must earn.
    • People will believe you have the expertise and are worthy of their trust if you exercise sound judgment and demonstrate a history of success.
    Understand Your Audience:
    • Identify the decision-makers and centers of influence.
    • Determine their likely receptivity and personal agendas.
    Ensure your argument is concrete:

    What is perfectly sensible to you may elude others — especially those who are already opposed to your ideas and prepared to resist.

    You can improve your chances of persuading them when your case:

    • Is logical and consistent with facts and experience.
    • Strikes an emotional cord.
    • Favorably addresses the interests of the parties you hope to persuade.
    • Neutralizes competing alternatives.
    • Recognizes and deals with the politics of the situation.
    • Comes with endorsements from objective and authoritative third parties.
    Successful Communication Skills:
    • Don’t mistakenly think that logic and rationality will win out and persuade people to your side.
    • You may inadvertently trigger confirmation bias, a situation in which people become further entrenched in their ideas.
    • Effective communication appeals to people’s emotions, tapping into universal human values and desires.
    • Appeal to both hearts and minds if you want to build and sustain a commitment to your strategic plans.
  • Communication: Definition, Principles, and Elements

    Communication: Definition, Principles, and Elements

    Communication Essay: They refer to all behavior, both verbal and non-verbal, which occur in a social context. This article explains about Communication with their topics – Meaning, Definition, Principles, and Elements. Another word for communication could be “Interaction”. The exchange of information or passing of information, ideas, or thoughts from one person to the other or from one end to the other is communication. According to McFarland communication is, “A process of meaningful interaction among human beings. More specifically, it is the process by which meanings are perceived and understandings are reached among human beings.” So, what is the question and topic are going to discuss.

    What does Means of Communication? Definition, Principles, and Elements.

    We are living in a world which is networked with them. With the advent of fast technology, the world has become a global village. The information sharing among various groups in society at national and international levels has become very smooth, effective, and efficient. With the click of the small button on the computer, you can easily get any information according to your needs and choice.

    You cannot just think of a world or situation where there is no exchange of ideas, feelings, emotions, reactions, propositions, facts, and figures. From time immemorial, they have been the most important activities of human lives. The integration of the world economy has been making it possible with a strong and efficient channel of communication.

    The nature of communication has gone a significant change during the last dealers. Now the economic power lies in the hands of the countries having a very sound information technology network. It is important from understanding it in terms of a process, system, interactional base, and structuring. There are various objectives of communication in business organizations.

    Meaning and Definition of Communication:

    There are various definitions and meaning interpreted by different scholars. T.S. Matthews says that Communication is something so difficult that we can never put it in simple words. But we do need a definition to understand the concept. In his book Communication in Business, Peter Little defines communication as the process by which information is transmitted between individuals and/ or organizations so that an understandable response results. W.H. Newman and C.F.

    Summer Jr. defines communication as,

    “Communication is an exchange of facts, ideas, opinions, or emotions by two or more persons.”

    Obviously, “information” is the keyword in the first definition. But this definition does not indicate the objects about which information is to transmit. This is precisely what provides in the second definition. They transmit information not only about tangible facts and determinable ideas and opinions but also about emotions.

    When a communicator passes on or transmits some information, he may also, either intentionally or unconsciously, be communicating his attitude or the frame of his mind. And sometimes the latter may be more relevant to the reality that is communicating.

    The following definition offered by William Scott in his book “Organisation Theory” should appear comprehensive and especially satisfying to the students of “business communication” since it touches all aspects of the communication process:

    “Administrative communication is a process which involves the transmission and accurate replication of ideas ensured by feedback to elicit actions which will accomplish organizational goals.”

    Important points give by their definition:

    This definition emphasizes four important points;

    • The process of communication involves the communication of ideas.
    • Ideas should accurately replicate (reproduce) in the receiver’s mind, i.e., the receiver should get the same ideas as were transmitted. If the process of communication is perfect, there will be no dilution, exaggeration, or distortion of the ideas.
    • The transmitter assures the accurate replication of the ideas by feedback, i.e., by the receiver’s response which is communicated back to the transmitter. Here it suggests that communication is a two-way process including the transmission of feedback.
    • The purpose of all communication is to elicit action.

    It is quite a comprehensive definition and covers almost all aspects of communication. But two comments can make on it:

    • The concept of ideas should adequately enlarge to include emotions also.
    • Even in administrative communication, the purpose may not always be to elicit action. Seeking information or persuading others to a certain point of view can be equally important objectives of communication.

    What does Means of Communication Definition Principles and Elements
    What does Means of Communication? Definition, Principles, and Elements! Image credit from #Pixabay.

    Principles of effective communication:

    The following Principles of communication below are;

    Clarity:

    The idea or message to communicate should spell out. It should word in such a way that the receiver understands the same thing which the sender wants to convey. There should be no ambiguity in the message. A message should be clear, free from distortion and noise. A vague message is not only a barrier to creating effective communication but also causes a delay in the communication process and this is one of the most important principles of effective communication.

    It should be kept in mind that the words do not speak themselves but the speaker gives them the meaning. A clear message will evoke the same response from the other party. It is also essential that the receiver is conversant with the language, inherent assumptions, and the mechanics of communication.

    Brevity:

    They should be brief i.e. just necessary and sufficient. Repetition and over-explanation are likely to destroy the actual meaning and importance of the message. Moreover, the reader may feel disturbed by receiving a long message.

    Simplicity:

    The message should give using simple and familiar words. Vague and technical words should avoid. Simple words are easy to understand and help the receiver to respond quickly.

    Timeliness:

    It is meant to serve a specific purpose. This principle states that communication should be done at a proper time so that it helps in implementing plans. Any delay in communication may not serve any purpose rather decisions become of historical importance only. If they make in time, they become effective. If it makes untimely then it may become useless.

    Compass:

    The communication net should cover the whole organization. The concerned people must know what exactly they need and when they need it. And effective communication will serve such.

    Integrity:

    They should consider the level of people, principles & objectives of an organization to create a network or chain. Such a network will provide a better field of internal and external communications.

    Strategic use of Informal Organization:

    The most effective communication results when managers use the informal organization as complementary to formal communication, e.g. arranging sports, cultural function & dinner for the employees can be informal organization.

    Feedback:

    To provide a message to the receiver is not a complete communication. The principle of feedback is very important to make communication effective. There should be feedback information from the recipient to know whether he has understood the message in the same sense in which the sender has meant it. The response from a receiver is essential. Therefore feedback requires communication to be effective.

    The Alternative:

    Effective listening is important in communication, otherwise, they will be ineffective and useless.

    Language control:

    The sender should be careful in selecting proper words and forming sentences, words and structured sentences are the keys to making effective communications.

    Elements of Communication:

    The communication process involves elements like sender, receiver, encoding, decoding, channel/ media, voice, and feedback.

    The different elements of communication are as under:

    Sender:

    He is the person who sends his ideas to another person. The person who intends to convey the message to pass information and ideas to others knows as the sender or communicator. For example, if a manager wants to inform his subordinates about the introduction of a new product, he is the sender.

    The sender also knows as the encoder decides on the message to be sent, the best/most effective way that it can be sent. All of this is done bearing the receiver in mind. In a word, it is his/her job to conceptualize. The sender may want to ask him/herself questions like: What words will I use? Do I need signs or pictures?

    Message:

    The idea, feeling, suggestion, guidelines, orders, or any content which intends to communicate is the message. This is the subject matter of the communications. This may be an opinion, attitude, feelings, views, orders, or suggestions. For example, the message is the introduction of a new product.

    Encoding:

    It is the process of converting the idea, thinking or any other component of the message into symbols, words, actions, diagrams, etc. Since the subject matter of communicating is theoretical and intangible, its further passing requires the use of certain symbols such as words, actions or pictures, etc. Conversion of subject matter into these symbols is the process of encoding. For example, the message connect in words and actions.

    Media:

    It is the medium, passage, or route through which an encoded message passes by the sender to the receiver. There can be various forms of media-face-to-face communication, letters, radio, television, e-mail, etc. The medium is the immediate form that a message takes. For example, a message may communicate in the form of a letter, in the form of an email, or face to face in the form of a speech.

    Decoding:

    It means translating the encoded message into language understandable by the receiver. The person who receives the message or symbol from the communicator tries to convert the same in such a way so that he may extract its meaning to his complete understanding.

    Receiver:

    If, he is the person to whom the message has been sent. The receiver or the decoder is responsible for extracting/decoding meaning from the message. The receiver is also responsible for providing feedback to the sender. In a word, it is his/her job to INTERPRET. For example, subordinates are receivers.

    Feedback:

    Feedback is the process of ensuring that the receiver has received the message and understood in the same sense as the sender meant it. It is the response by the receiver. It marks the completion of the communication process. This is important as it determines whether or not the decoder grasped the intended meaning and whether the communication was successful.

    Noise:

    It is a hindrance to the process of communication. Noise can take place at any step in the entire process. It reduces the accuracy of communication, e.g. 1) Disturbance in the telephone lines, 2) An inattentive receiver, and 3) Improper Decoding of Message, etc.

    This is any factor that inhibits the conveyance of a message. That is, anything that gets in the way of the message being accurately received, interpreted, and responded to. Noise may be internal or external. A student worrying about an incomplete assignment may not be attentive in class (internal noise) or the sounds of heavy rain on a galvanized roof may inhibit the reading of a storybook to second graders (external noise).

  • Understand the Spiral of Silence and explain their Theory

    Understand the Spiral of Silence and explain their Theory

    What does mean the Spiral of Silence? The spiral of silence theory is a political science and mass communication theory proposed by the German political scientist Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann, which stipulates that individuals have a fear of isolation, which results from the idea that a social group or the society, in general, might isolate, neglect, or exclude members due to the members’ opinions. Spiral of silence is the term meant to refer to the tendency of people to remain silent when they feel that their views are in opposition to the majority view on a subject.

    The Spiral of Silence Theory:

    Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann, the German political scientist contributes the famous model called “Spiral of Silence”. In 1947 Neumann and her husband found “Public Opinion Organization” in German and also she was a President of “World Association for Public Opinion Research” from 1978 to 1980. Through this Spiral of Silence theory Neumann indirectly explains the Jews status during World War II under the Nazi’s control. Here, Adolf Hitler dominated the whole society and the minority Jews became silent due to the fear of isolation or separation.

    What is the Theory of Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann?

    The one view dominated the public scene and others disappeared from the public awareness as its adherents became silent. In other words, the people fear of separation or isolation those around them, they tend to keep their attitudes to themselves when they think they are in the minority. This process calls “Spiral of Silence”.

    This theory states that in elections certain views seem to get more play than others. Sometimes people mute their opinions rather than talk about them. It occurs when individuals express when they perceive that their opinion is popular and those who think otherwise remain quiet. This process occurs in a spiral so that one side of an issue ends up with much publicity and the other side with little.

    This expression/non-expression rests on two premises. The first is that people know which opinions are popular. The second is that people adjust their expression of opinion to these perceptions. Psychologists believe that this “Spiral of Silence” is caused by fear of isolation as the ‘Spiral of Silence’ is not just a matter of wanting to be on winning side but is an attempt to avoid being isolated from one’s social group. Threats of criticism are also powerful forces in silencing individuals. This process affects public opinion but these are exceptions as some groups and individuals do not fear isolation and express their opinion irrespective of the outcome.

    For example:

    In a company the managing director decides to increase their working hour from 8 to 10 and send the e-mail to all employees. Majority of them accept this time changes and few employees are not satisfied with his decision. But they cannot or ready to express their thought publicly, because of the following reasons; they may feel unsupported by the other employees, “Fear of isolation” like transfer, “Fear of Rejection” By rejecting their personal opinion from the public will help to avoid fight or they may try to save their job by suppressing or avoid personal statement in public.

    The best way to study public opinion in regards to the spiral of silence theory is to look at the theory in two different categories: mass media and interpersonal communication. Mass media can very easily make someone feel that. Their contradictions to a major issue are not welcomed and thus be afraid to speak out. The vast amount of mass media that individual deals with every day feed largely the same information on issues and politics.

    Extra things:

    Noelle-Neumann states that most media is consonant and that even though there are different sources of news through the mass media. Most of the news is very similar and makes most people form the same opinion on an issue. Although public opinion is formed by both personal observation and media utterings/exposure, individuals mix the two and confuse. What learns through the media? with, What learns through the interpersonal channels? Noelle-Newmann has observed – “The longer one has studied the question, the clearer it becomes that fathoming the effects of the mass media is very hard”.

    These effects do not come into being as a result of a single stimulus; they are as a rule cumulative, following the principle that water dripping constantly wears away the stone. Further discussions among people spread the media’s messages further, and. Before long no difference can perceive between the point of media perception and points far removed from it. The media’s effects are predominantly unconscious; people cannot provide an account of what has happened.

    Rather, they mix their direct perceptions and the perceptions filtered through the eyes of the media into an indivisible whole. That seems to derive from their thoughts and experiences. Therefore ‘Spiral of Silence’ is a phenomenon which involves personal and media channels of communication. The media publicize public opinion, making evident which opinions predominate. Whether individuals express their opinions or not depending upon the predominant points of view, the media, in turn, attend to the expressed opinion, and the spiral continues.

    Understand the Spiral of Silence and explain their Theory
    Understand the Spiral of Silence and explain their Theory, #Pixabay.

    Assumptions:

    The framework based on a few assumptions;

    • Spiral of silence theory describes as a dynamic process, the prediction about public opinion in mass media. Which gives more coverage for the majorities in society and gives very less coverage for minorities.
    • In this social environment, People have a fear of rejection to express. Their opinion or views and they have known well what behaviors will make a better likelihood. It calls “fear of Isolation”.
    • Being the part of Minority. People lose their confidence and silent or mute to express. Their views because of the fear of isolation or they feel alone or unsupported.
    • Sometimes the minorities withdraw their expressed opinion from public debates to secure themselves from the majority.
    • Maximum numbers get more vocal space in the society and lesser number become less vocal space or become silent.

    Advantages and Disadvantages of her theory:

    • Spiral of Silence theory has both micro level and macro level explanatory process.
    • It works well during the public campaign, Senate and Parliament.
    • Spiral of silence theory – which helps to raise the question about considering the role and responsibility of media in the society.
    • The theory which is not considering the other explanation of silencing. In some cases, the person may feel the majority’s ideas or opinion is much better than his view.