Entrepreneurship is the act of being an entrepreneur, which is a French word meaning “one who undertakes an endeavor”. Entrepreneurs assemble resources including innovations, finance and business acumen in an effort to transform innovations into economic goods. The most obvious form of entrepreneurship is that of starting new Businesses; however, in recent years, the term has been extended to include social and political forms of entrepreneurial activity.
The concept of entrepreneurship has a wide range of meanings. On the one extreme an entrepreneur is a person of very high aptitude who pioneers change, possessing characteristics found in only a very small fraction of the population.
According to A.H. Cole, “Entrepreneurship is the purposeful activity of an individual or group of associated individuals, undertaken to initiate, maintain or aggrandize profit by production or distribution of economic goods or services”.
Entrepreneurship promotes small business in the society. Government has accepted the fact that small firms have a crucial role to play in the economic development of the country. Most economists today agree that entrepreneurship is a necessary ingredient for stimulating economic growth and employment opportunities in all societies.
Small businesses are an essential part of our future economic prosperity because of the following reasons;
Entrepreneurial development is look at as a vehicle for employment generation through promotion of small business. India, being far more develop and forward looking country than some of the third world countries, can provide lead to entrepreneurial development activities. However, India can benefit from the well- documented success experiences of developed countries like USA, Japan and UK in the field of employment generation and small business promotion. Steady growth in consumer spending, expanding retail sales, a strong housing market, continued expansion of the service sector, low rates of inflation and of labor cost increases and failing interest rates contributed to a healthy environment for small business. In India, the government policies, political and economic environment greatly encourage the establishment of new and small enterprises. Self- employment and small scale industry schemes have further liberalized during the last decade.
Great dynamism is one of the qualities of the small and medium enterprises. This quality of dynamism originates in the inherent nature of the Small Business. The structure of small and medium enterprises is less complex than that of large enterprises and therefore facilitates quicker, and smoother communication and decision- making. This allows for the greater flexibility and mobility of small business management. Also, small enterprises, more often make it possible for owners. Who have a stronger entrepreneurial spirit than employed mangers, to undertake risk and challenges. New Roles of Human Resource Management in Business Development.
Small business promotion needs relatively low investment and therefore can easily undertaken in rural and semi-urban areas. This in turn creates additional employment in these areas and prevents migration of people from rural to urban areas. Since majority of the people are living in the rural areas. Therefore, more of our development efforts should be direct towards this sector. Small enterprises use local resources and are best suit to rural and underdeveloped sector. This in turn will also lead to dispersal of industries. Reduction in concentration of economic power and balanced regional development.
Business enterprises need to be innovative for survival and better performance. It is believe that smaller firms have a relatively higher necessity and capability to innovate. The smaller firms do not face the constraints imposed by large investment in existing technology. They are both free and compellable to innovate. Entrepreneurship development is accelerating the pace of small firm’s growth in India. An increased number of small firms are expects to result in more innovations. And make the Indian industry compete in the international market.
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